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  home /  Information for Bulgaria and Varna

Varna is the biggest city at the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The so-called “Sea Capital” of the Bulgarian Black Sea is situated at the end of the big Varna Bay 470 km east of Sofia, with a convenient and well preserved water area.

 

 The city's peculiar sea charm is sublime and moving. Ancient, medieval, renaissance and modern cultures mingle and coexist through the city. 

 

For example the 19th century Cathedral of the Holly Assumption is an imposing landmark, which contains a finely carved iconostasis and bishop's throne, some interesting murals and stained glass.

The 2nd century thermae are the remains of the largest Roman public building in Bulgaria. During this century enough has been revealed by archaeologists to give a good impression of the original layout, though some parts of the building remain hidden under nearby streets. The city occupies some 24sq km, measuring 6km northeast-southwest and is about 4km wide. During the summer season, July and August, the sunshine allows 10-11 hours of sunbathing. The city is clean and green. Of the green miracles at least three are a must: the “Marine Garden” which is the largest on the Balkans; “Euxinograd park”,and the former Royal Palace.

 

The “Marine Garden” - the biggest park of Varna, is situated close to the beach. Within the park area, there are the “Seaside Baths”, the “Navy Museum”, 

 

 

the “Museum of Natural History”, the “Aquarium,” the “Astronomical Observatory” and the “Planetarium” which organizes observations for visitors, “Dolphinarium” with an entertaining presentation. The Park is not only a nature reserve, but also a recreational place for the citizens and visitors. 

 

Bulgaria's only Aquarium with unique facade covered in ivy attracts many visitors. In 1906 the foundation of the Aquarium, one of Varna's most famous sights, was laid. The building /unique exposition of water organisms - Black Sea, freshwater, tropical fishes/ was completed in 1911 and was later adapted to the needs of the Naval Engineering School. It was not until 17 September 1932 that the “Aquarium” was opened for visitors. 

Close by, the first Open Theatre was built in 1920 and between 1926 - 1939 it hosted the Varna Musical Celebrations, forerunner of the present “Varna Summer Festival”. The existing Open Theatre was built in 1960-1961. Other favorite spot for both local residents and tourists is the “Dolphinarium” in the Seaside Park. Its organized attractions and architecture are unique in all of Bulgaria. 

 

Varna is a city of old culture and living traditions. About 560 years B.C. sprang up the town of Odessos in the area of an ancient Thracian settlement. It developed into a major agricultural, craftsman and commercial center. By the ninth century AD, it was already called Varna. But it is a fact that it was an inhabited place even before the Greeks established the colony of Odessos there. Later, under the Romans and their successors, the Slavs, Varna became a major port trading with Constantinople, Venice and Dubrovnik. In 1393 it was captured by the Turks, and was made an important military center.

 

Nowadays it is the main port for both naval and commercial shipping, an important administrative, economic, cultural, and a tourist centre. With a population of 425,137 it is Bulgaria's third largest city, following Sofia and Plovdiv. 

 

North of Varna there is a cluster of seaside resorts all with fine - sandy beaches but differing in size and style. 

There is hardly a city in Bulgaria apart from the capital that has so many museum opportunities. The outstanding treasures of the Archeological Museum include the Chalcolithic necropolis with the oldest examples of gold jewellery 

Near the port of Varna, was found the oldest gold treasure in the world (dated from 4,500 BC). In 1972; an ancient necropolis with 280 tombs and 3,010 golden objects were found weighting over 6 kg altogether. According to experts it is the oldest processed gold ever found in Europe.

 

 Of particular interest are the National Revival Museum, the Ethnographic and City Historical Museum, the Art Gallery, the Navy Museum, Natural-History Museum. ever discovered, and impressive Greek, Thracian and Bulgarian artifacts.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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Simbols of the city
 
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